Leibniz → Schopenhauer → Gödel → Turing → Chaitin → Dodig → Schmidhuber
“la computación no es el lenguaje de la naturaleza; la computación es la forma en la que la naturaleza se comporta”
— Gordana Dodig-Crnkovic, “Alan Turing’s Legacy: Info-Computational Philosophy of Nature”
“La computación no es, de hecho nunca lo ha sido, una ciencia solo de lo artificial. La computación ha existido mucho antes de que las computadoras fueran inventadas pero hemos vivido tanto tiempo en la creencia de que la computación era una ciencia de lo artificial que puede ser difícil de aceptar que muchos científicos ahora vean proceso de información en la naturaleza de forma abundante”
— Peter Denningen, “Computing is a Natural Science”
John Archibald Wheeler (1911-2008) fue un destacado físico teórico que realizó numerosas aportaciones teóricas en el campo de la cosmología y la física de partículas.
En su famoso escrito de 1989 Information, Physics, Quantum: The Search for Links
//"It from bit symbolises the idea that every item of the physical world has at bottom — at a very deep bottom, in most instances — an immaterial source and explanation; that what we call reality arises in the last analysis from the posing of yes-no questions and the registering of equipment-evoked responses; in short, that all things physical are information-theoretic in origin and this is a participatory universe."//
— http://cqi.inf.usi.ch/qic/wheeler.pdf
Wheeler categorised his long and productive life in physics into three periods: “Everything is Particles”, “Everything is Fields”, and “Everything is Information”. (You can read more about his life and work in his autobiography, Geons, Black Holes and Quantum Foam.) The driving idea behind the third period was spurred by his contemplation of the age-old question: “How come existence?” And his answer, first published in a brilliantly written (and very entertaining) paper in 1989, was it from bit: